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GU-Q: How to Cite

Use this guide to find out how you can easily collect and manage citation information

How to Cite in the Text?

There are two ways to cite in Chicago style:

  • Notes - bibliography: each time you cite a source, put a number in superscript beginning with 1 and continuing in numerical order. Then at the bottom of the page (footnote) or enf of the entire text (endnote) list your sources. At the end of the text create a bibliography
  • Author - date: use the surname of the author and publication data in the in-text citation and create a reference list at the end of the text

Note: here we give examples based on the 16th edition of the Chicago Manual of Style. Check out Purdue OWL's website for help with the 17th edition.

How Should I Cite this?

In-text citation:

...according to Abdou1

Endnote:

1. Name Surname, Title in italics (Place of publication: Publisher, Year), page number.

Example:

Ashraf Abdou, Arabic idioms: a corpus-based study (Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2012), 19.
Bibliography in alphabetical order:

Surname, Name. Title in italics. Place of publication: Publisher, Year.

Example:

Abdou, Ashraf. Arabic idioms: a corpus-based study. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2012.
In-text citation:

according to Koven 1

Endnote:

Name Surname, "Title of Article: Subtitle." Title of Journal in Italics volume, issue number no. (Year): page

Example:

Suzanne Koven, "Mom at Bedside, Appears Calm." The New England Journal of Medicine 370, no. 2 (2014): 104

Bibliography:

Surname, Name. "Title of Article: Subtitle." Title of Journal in Italics volume, issue number no. (Year): pages

Example:

Koven, Suzanne. "Mom at Bedside, Appears Calm." The New England Journal of Medicine 370, no. 2 (2014): 104-105.

In-text citation:

found in UNESCO website1

Endnote:

1. Name Surname, “Title of Web Page,” Publishing Organization , publication date and/or access date if available, URL.

Example:

1."UNESCO in Brief," UNESCO, accessed September 5, 2018, https://en.unesco.org/about-us/introducing-unesco

Bibliography:

Name Surname. “Title of Web Page.” Publishing Organization. Publication date and/or Access date if available. URL.

Example:

"UNESCO in Brief." UNESCO. Accessed September 5, 2018. https://en.unesco.org/about-us/introducing-unesco

A primary source can take various forms, it could be an image, a video or manuscript. For each form you need to follow different rules in order to cite it. Check out Purdue OWL Chicago Style Guide to find out more.